{"id":1105,"date":"2021-10-09T09:43:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-09T09:13:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/latinsproject.eu\/wp\/?p=1105"},"modified":"2022-08-09T09:44:47","modified_gmt":"2022-08-09T09:14:47","slug":"substantivul","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/latinsproject.eu\/wp\/?p=1105","title":{"rendered":"SUBSTANTIVUL"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Partea de vorbire care denume\u015fte fiin\u0163e, lucruri, fenomene ale naturii, st\u0103ri suflete\u015fti( bucurie, triste\u0163e), rela\u0163iile dintre oameni (prietenie), etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Se recunoa\u015fte<\/strong>: 1. se num\u0103r\u0103: un om \u2013 doi oameni<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2. prime\u015fte o \u00eensu\u015fire (adjectiv): om frumos<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><u>Felul substantivului<\/u><\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a. <strong>comun<\/strong> (denumesc toate obiectele de acela\u015fi fel) : <strong>simplu<\/strong> \u2013 cas\u0103, mas\u0103, om, munte;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>compus<\/strong> \u2013 radiojurnal, c\u00e2ine-lup, prim\u0103var\u0103;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b. <strong>propriu <\/strong>(denumesc un singur obiect pentru a-l deosebi de celelalte obiecte de acela\u015fi fel) :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>simplu <\/strong>\u2013 Ion, Dun\u0103rea, Jupiter;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong>compus<\/strong> \u2013 Sinan-Pa\u015fa, Carul-Mare, etc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><u>Genul substantivului<\/u><\/strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <strong><u>Num\u0103rul substantivului<\/u><\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" type=\"a\"><li><strong>masculin<\/strong>: <strong>un <\/strong>frate-<strong>doi<\/strong> fra\u0163i;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a. <strong>singular<\/strong>:&nbsp; carte, ap\u0103;<\/li><li><strong>feminin:<\/strong> <strong>o<\/strong> coleg\u0103-<strong>dou\u0103<\/strong> colege;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; b. <strong>plural:<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; c\u0103r\u0163i, ape;<\/li><li><strong>neutru<\/strong>: <strong>un<\/strong> drum-<strong>dou\u0103 <\/strong>drumuri.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><u>Scrierea corect\u0103 a substantivelor<\/u>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Substantivele comune se scriu cu liter\u0103 ini\u0163ial\u0103 mic\u0103. C\u00e2nd ele se afl\u0103 la \u00eenceputul propozi\u0163iilor, versurilor, titlurilor se scriu cu liter\u0103 ini\u0163ial\u0103 mare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Substantivele proprii se scriu \u00eentotdeauna cu liter\u0103 ini\u0163ial\u0103 mare, indiferent de locul pe care-l ocup\u0103 \u00een propozi\u0163ie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Substantivele compuse se pot scrie \u00eentr-un singur cuv\u00e2nt (prim\u0103var\u0103, untdelemn, radioascult\u0103tor,etc) sau legate prin liniu\u0163\u0103 (floarea-soarelui, c\u00e2ine-lup, etc).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">MODEL ANALIZ\u0102:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Merg la \u015fcoal\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;\u015fcoal\u0103 \u2013 subst. comun, simplu, nr. sg., genul feminin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Genurile unor substantive mai rare:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" type=\"1\"><li><strong>genul masculin: <\/strong>ianuarie, februarie, martie,&#8230;&#8230;etc, do, re, mi, fa, sol, &#8230;..etc., Bucure\u015fti, 1(unu), 2,3,4&#8230;&#8230;.etc<\/li><li><strong>genul feminin: <\/strong>luni, mar\u0163i, miercuri, &#8230;.etc., diminea\u0163\u0103, amiaz\u0103, noapte, s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103, sear\u0103, zi, var\u0103, toamn\u0103.<\/li><li><strong>genul neutru:<\/strong> cules, pip\u0103it, curaj, frig, lapte, fotbal, baschet, sport, box, auz, gust, sim\u0163, miros, aur, argint, bronz, s\u00e2nge, amurg, pr\u00e2nz.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nu men\u0163ion\u0103m genul&nbsp; la substantivele proprii dec\u00e2t la&nbsp; nume de persoan\u0103!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u015etia\u0163i c\u0103 &#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unele substantive au form\u0103 numai pentru singular: \u00een\u0163elepciune, curaj, sete, foame, aur, fier, miere, maz\u0103re, altele au forme numai pentru plural: c\u00e2l\u0163i, zori, Carpa\u0163i, etc..<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Numele unui obiect poate fi exprimat \u015fi printr-un grup de dou\u0103 sau mai multe cuvinte, care, \u00eempreun\u0103 au \u00een\u0163elesul unui substantiv:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">aducere-aminte \u2013 amintire;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0163inere de minte \u2013 memorie;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b\u0103gare de seam\u0103 \u2013 aten\u0163ie;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">p\u0103rere de r\u0103u \u2013 regret.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Partea de vorbire care denume\u015fte fiin\u0163e, lucruri, fenomene ale naturii, st\u0103ri suflete\u015fti( bucurie, triste\u0163e), rela\u0163iile dintre oameni (prietenie), etc. Se recunoa\u015fte: 1. se num\u0103r\u0103: un om \u2013 doi oameni &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2. prime\u015fte o \u00eensu\u015fire (adjectiv): om frumos Felul substantivului: a. comun (denumesc toate obiectele de acela\u015fi fel) : simplu \u2013 cas\u0103, mas\u0103, om, munte; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1105","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ro-gramatica"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/latinsproject.eu\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1105","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/latinsproject.eu\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/latinsproject.eu\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latinsproject.eu\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latinsproject.eu\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1105"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/latinsproject.eu\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1105\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1106,"href":"https:\/\/latinsproject.eu\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1105\/revisions\/1106"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/latinsproject.eu\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1105"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latinsproject.eu\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1105"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latinsproject.eu\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1105"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}